The GBARD indicator refers to the direct government funding of R&D, using data from government budgets. According to the Frascati Manual (2015), this type of funder-based approach for reporting R&D involves identifying all the budget items that may support R&D activities and measuring or estimating their R&D content. Advantages of this approach include the ability both to report significantly more timely government R&D funding totals since they are based on budgets and to link these totals to policy considerations through classification by the 14 NABS socioeconomic objectives. The GBARD indicator should be seen as a complement to indicators based on surveys of R&D performers, which are considered to be a more accurate but less timely way of measuring R&D activities.
In Greece, the GBARD indicator records all appropriations across the Greek government budget, both Ordinary budget and Public Investment Budget, allocated for R&D purposes, not only to public bodies but also all sectors of the national economy such as enterprises, private non-profit institutions etc, and abroad (including European and international organisations). Data are collected through annual direct surveys from all government funding bodies, e.g. Ministries, General Secretariats and Regions.
The GBARD variables are produced annually and include:
- Government R&D appropriations in the provisional budget (as approved by the parliament at the beginning of the budget year), broken down into 14 socio-economic objectives NABS.
- Government R&D appropriations in the final budget (revised budget approved during the budget year), broken down into 14 socio-economic objectives NABS.
- Project funding and institutional funding in the final budget
- National public funding to transnationally coordinated R&D in the final budget
GBARD is one of the official statistics of EU member states. The National Documentation Center, in accordance with the relevant European Regulations, and in its capacity as the competent authority of the Hellenic Statistical System, annually produces and transmits the GBARD index to Eurostat.
More methodological information on GBARD statistics can be found at https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/main/data/database
European Regulations
Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 November 2019
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1197 of 30 July 2020 - laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics (applies to GBARD statistics with reference year 2021 onwards)
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 995/2012 - laying down detailed rules for the implementation of Decision No 1608/2003/EC concerning Community Statistics on Science and Technology (applies to GBARD statistics from reference year 2012 to reference year 2020)
European Regulation (EC) 1608/2003 - Community statistics on science and technology (repealed from 1 January 2021)
European Regulation (EC) 753/2004 - implementing Decision No 1608/2003/EC as regards statistics on science and technology (repealed from 1 January 2021)
Nomenclature for the analysis and comparison of scientific programmes and budgets (NABS)
